Biological Pillar 02Autoantibodies • Loss of Tolerance • ACR / EULAR Aligned

Autoimmune Disease: Autoantibody & Immune Tolerance Profiling

“Mapping the precision of your immune targeting system”

Assessing whether the immune system may be mistakenly targeting the body's own tissues. Autoimmune conditions arise when the adaptive immune system loses self-tolerance and produces autoantibodies against host proteins. Reficio's 4-tier autoimmune panel provides tiered serological evidence spanning first-line screening (ANA IFA, ESR, hs-CRP) to comprehensive line-blot autoantibody characterization (Anti-dsDNA, ENA, ANCA, Anti-CCP, Complement C3/C4).

Select Autoimmune Panel in PackagesExplore Rheumatology Pathways

The 4 Biological Axes of Autoimmune Biology

Structured assessment of autoantibody reactivity and immune dysregulation.

Axis 01

Loss of Immune Tolerance

ANA, RF, Anti-CCP, Anti-dsDNA, full ANA Profile

Axis 02

Organ-Specific Autoimmunity

Anti-TPO / Anti-TG

Axis 03

Systemic Inflammatory Markers

ESR, hs-CRP, CBC

Axis 04

Cytokine Dysregulation

IL-6, TNF-α

Diagnostic Tiers & Pricing Structure

Progressive autoimmune tiers from baseline serology to comprehensive line blotting.

Basic Screening

Panel 1

₹5,000
  • ANA Screen
  • ESR & hs-CRP
  • CBC Baseline
Select Panel (₹5,000)
Systemic Disease Panel

Panel 2

₹7,500
  • Organ Specific Anti-TPO
  • Rheumatoid Factor
  • Anti-CCP
Select Panel (₹7,500)
Advanced Immune Dysregulation

Panel 3

₹12,000

Adds ANCA, Ferritin

  • ANCA Screening
  • Ferritin & Cytokines
  • Anti-dsDNA
Select Panel (₹12,000)
Comprehensive Biology

Panel 4

₹15,000

Adds Full ANA Profile, Fibrinogen, Complement C3/C4*

  • Full ANA Line Blot
  • Complement C3/C4
  • Comprehensive Autoantibody Matrix
Select Panel (₹15,000)
Pillar 02 • Biological Education Journey3 Visual Assets & Modules
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Autoimmune Disease

“Mapping the precision of your immune targeting system”

Autoimmune conditions occur when the adaptive immune system loses self-tolerance, misidentifying host tissues as foreign threats. Reficio’s multi-tiered serological panel screens for autoantibodies spanning baseline ANA IFA to comprehensive line-blot ENA profiles.

Stage 1: Scientific & Biological Mechanisms

Sequential physiological and cellular decomposition from the canonical Reficio presentation

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Autoimmune Disease Clinical Profile - Slide 09
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Source: Reficio Canonical Educational DeckOriginal PNG Asset

Autoimmune Disease Clinical Profile

Assessing whether the immune system may be mistakenly targeting the body’s own tissues

Loss of immune tolerance leads to autoantibody production against self-antigens. Early symptoms such as joint arthralgia, chronic fatigue, and photosensitive rashes often precede irreversible connective tissue damage by years.
Clinical Mechanisms & Biological Insights
  • Autoantibodies can circulate subclinically for up to 5–7 years prior to overt clinical disease.
  • Early serological identification enables timely specialist rheumatology intervention.
Key Biomarkers Mapped in this Module
ANA IFAAnti-dsDNAESRhs-CRP
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Immune Targeting System and Autoantibody Misfire - Slide 10
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Source: Reficio Canonical Educational DeckOriginal PNG Asset

Mapping Immune Targeting Precision & Misfire

Threat-recognition software: Distinguishing healthy tissue from foreign pathogens

When immune tolerance mechanisms degrade, B-cells generate autoantibodies that form immune complexes, activating the complement cascade and causing tissue damage across joints, skin, vasculature, and kidneys.
Clinical Mechanisms & Biological Insights
  • ANA IFA on HEp-2 cells reveals distinct nuclear staining patterns (homogeneous, speckled, nucleolar, centromere).
  • Complement C3 and C4 consumption indicates active immune-complex deposition.
Key Biomarkers Mapped in this Module
Anti-SSA/RoAnti-SSB/LaAnti-SmAnti-RNPComplement C3/C4

Core Diagnostic Biomarker Axes

Coordinated multi-pathway laboratory parameters evaluated across this biological pillar

Axis 01: Nuclear Autoantibodies

ANA by IFA, Anti-dsDNA

Axis 02: Extractable Nuclear Antigens

ENA 17-Profile (SSA, SSB, Sm, RNP, Scl-70, Jo-1)

Axis 03: Rheumatoid & Joint Reactivity

RF, Anti-CCP

Axis 04: Complement & Vasculitis

Complement C3, C4, ANCA (p-ANCA, c-ANCA)

Associated Clinical Indicators

Common systemic presentations associated with this pillar:

• Unexplained joint pain• Persistent rashes• Extreme fatigue• Recurrent fevers• Dry eyes or mouth• Raynaud’s phenomenon
Stage 3: Diagnostic Panel Tier Architecture

Autoimmune Disease Diagnostic Architecture

Autoimmune Disease Panel Options - Slide 11
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Diagnostic Comparison ArchitectureCanonical Asset
Reficio provides Panel 1 Basic Screening (₹5,000 with ANA IFA, ESR, CRP), Panel 2 Systemic Disease Panel (₹7,500 adding Anti-TPO, RF, Anti-CCP), Panel 3 Advanced Immune Dysregulation (₹12,000 with ANCA & dsDNA), and Panel 4 Comprehensive Biology (₹15,000 with 17-antigen ENA profile and Complement C3/C4).
Key Included Biomarkers Across Tiers
ANA IFAAnti-dsDNAENA 17 ProfileAnti-CCPRFANCAC3/C4
  • Gold standard IFA screening rules out non-specific positive ELISA screens.
  • Line-blotting distinguishes Lupus, Scleroderma, Sjögren’s, and MCTD.
Prev: Pillar 01 Inflammatory BurdenNext: Pillar 03 Endocrine Disorders

Frequently Asked Questions: Autoimmune Testing

Key insights into autoantibody testing and rheumatological evaluation.

Clinical Serology Notice:A positive autoantibody test (such as ANA or RF) indicates serological reactivity and must be correlated with clinical symptoms, physical findings, and specialist rheumatology consultation. Low-titer ANA positivity may occur in healthy individuals.